To mitigate these risks, it's essential to implement robust password management practices:

| | Default passwords | Password storage | Recovery method | |----------------|--------------------------------------|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------| | Siemens | “100”, “0”, “1234” (old) | Hashed in CPU / MMC card | Reset to factory via MMC clear | | Rockwell | “AB”, “MICRO”, “1756” | Non-volatile memory + project file | Password removal utility (OS level) | | Schneider | “USER”, “MANAGER”, blank | Internal EEPROM | Boot in recovery mode → wipe password | | Mitsubishi | “FFFF”, “0000” (for GOT HMIs) | Flash ROM + backup file | Backup file password cracking (brute) | | Omron | “password” (old), custom | PLC system area | CX‑Programmer → Clear protection | | Codesys | (none by default) | Encrypted in .project file | Remove password via hex editor (v2.3) |