The % N1 (engine power) needed to maintain speed during different vertical phases "The Bird": Pilots often use the Flight Path Vector (FPV)

Eventually, the Sierra Pattern leads to a holding fix. Once in the hold, the pilot can reprogram the MCDU (Multipurpose Control Display Unit) for a second approach or divert.

: Training for scenarios where automated systems might fail, requiring the pilot to fly by hand using basic instruments.