Place a piece of dragon stone, lava rock, or driftwood. Hardscape creates microclimates—shady spots for moss and high perches for air circulation.

of sterile potting soil or a mix of coco fiber and charcoal. : Humidity-loving species like spider plants : Optional decomposers like springtails to manage mold Step-by-Step Construction Guide Bottle Biosphere Educational Project Overview 2017

Start with a drainage layer of pebbles or horticultural charcoal to prevent root rot. Top this with potting soil or a mix of coco dust and vermicompost.

Introduce 5–10 springtails ( Folsomia candida ) and 2–3 red wiggler worms.